Why Is There a Strong Relationship Between Diabetes and Gum Disease?

Diabetes is a health condition which has a significant impact on everyday life for those with the condition. Meanwhile, gum disease is an oral health condition affecting the gums. A strong connection exists between these areas. Now, a periodontist has discussed this connection in detail.

There is a well-documented connection between gum disease and diabetes. For those with diabetes, looking after their gums is crucial. In fact, it could be just as important as managing blood sugar levels.

But why is there such a strong connection between gum disease and diabetes? Additionally, how does it affect treatment outcomes?

Now, a periodontist named David Wu has discussed this relationship in an interview with the Harvard Gazette [1]. Wu is also an instructor at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine.

Background

Diabetes is a health condition which involves a person’s blood sugar levels becoming too high. It can cause complications to the heart, kidneys, and blood vessels among other areas [2].

Many people are unaware that they have diabetes. Symptoms to look out for include being constantly thirsty, urinating more frequently, feeling very tired, and having blurred vision [2].

Meanwhile, gum disease is an oral health condition which involves the gums becoming inflamed and swollen [3]. Over time, gum disease can result in bone degradation. Gum disease affects many people and typically develops over a long period of time.

The connection between these areas has been established for a long time. Now, Wu has explained this connection in more detail.

What is the connection between these areas?

Wu explains that people with diabetes are at a higher risk of gum disease. This is because people with diabetes have persistently higher blood sugar levels [1].

Therefore, this negatively impacts the body’s ability to fight infections. Consequently, this increases the chances of chronic inflammation in the mouth [1].

This is an example of a weakened immune response. This, combined with the higher amount of glucose in the saliva results in harmful oral bacteria growing – thereby building up plaque [1].

Therefore, this combination increases the chances of the gum tissues weakening and the gums becoming further inflamed, and potentially infected [1].

Has there been any recent research into this connection?

Wu explains that recent research into the connection has yielded further confirmation of the relationship between diabetes and gum disease [1].

Also, Wu has said that particular recent findings include inflammation from advanced gum disease contributing to poorer control of blood sugar [1].

Wu also notes that there are several ongoing studies into this area, with scientists placing a particular focus on the role that genetics and the oral microbiome may have on this connection [1].

The aim is that this research will result in a closer understanding of this connection and the different dynamics at play. Additionally, Wu hopes that the research will help to herald a new era of collaboration between dental and medical professionals [1].

For those with diabetes, what are the early signs of gum disease to watch out for?

As mentioned above, gum disease typically develops over a long time period. The earlier that interventions are made, the better the treatment outcomes typically are.

Therefore, for those with diabetes, it is important to be vigilant towards the symptoms of gum disease. Wu suggests that red or swollen gums are a common sign [1].

Moreover, when the gums bleed easily during brushing, bad breath, loose teeth, and receding gum lines – are all other warning signs for gum disease [1].

How can treating gum disease help diabetes?

Wu notes that treating gum disease can have a positive impact on diabetes. Typical interventions include root planing and scaling.

Such efforts can improve the body’s blood sugar control. Then, this can reduce chronic inflammation in the body and stabilize metabolic health [1].

Wu says that as well as treatment methods, having a thorough oral hygiene routine is important. This includes brushing at least twice per day, flossing each night, and attending regular dental check-ups.

Additionally, seeing a dental hygienist is also advisable, as they focus more on the gums. They can also monitor the progression of any gum disease.

As with other oral health conditions, avoiding tobacco and sugary drinks is important. Furthermore, having a nutritious diet can also support gum health.

Summary

Having an awareness of the relationship between gum disease and diabetes is important. It is especially important for those with an active diagnosis of diabetes.

But as Wu has discussed, there are things that can be done to improve both areas. This can greatly improve treatment outcomes.

This relationship is another example of the link between physical and oral health. It is very important to look after our oral health, as it can boost our overall health and wellbeing.

Thinking points…

[1] As mentioned above, gum disease affects a huge number of people, though it is preventable. The most important method of prevention, aside from having strong oral hygiene, is attending dental check-ups on a regular basis. This will allow a dentist to look at your overall oral health, including both the teeth and gums. They will also be able to monitor gum health and provide treatment recommendations if necessary. We recommend booking an appointment soon!

[2] As discussed in the article, there is a strong connection between diabetes and gum disease. If you have diabetes, try to make lifestyle changes like regular exercise. But given its link to oral health, you should also make a conscious effort to improve your oral hygiene routine. It is also advisable to mention your diagnosis to your dentist or dental hygienist when you see them!

What we offer at Taradale Dental

Taradale Dental is a dental clinic based in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. At our Calgary dental clinic, we provide a range of services for our patients.

We advise our patients to attend our Calgary dental clinic at least twice per year for a regular dental check-up. At these check-ups, we provide a comprehensive review of a patient’s oral health. If any problems are detected, we have many treatments available. For example, these include cavity fillings and root canals. To strengthen your oral health, we recommend brushing your teeth at least twice a day and flossing regularly.

Here at Taradale Dental, we also have some cosmetic treatments available! These include dental implants, teeth whitening and Invisalign™! Our patients find that these treatments have a positive impact on their appearance, confidence and self-esteem.

Moreover, the fees of our treatments at our Calgary dental clinic Taradale Dental are set in line with the Alberta Dental Fee Guide. This ensures transparent and fair pricing, with no hidden costs.

We hope to see you soon at our Taradale Dental clinic in Calgary! You can find out more about us by visiting our website https://taradaledental.ca/!

References

[1] Refior, K. (2025). The gum disease, diabetes connection. Available: https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2025/10/the-gum-disease-diabetes-connection/. Last accessed: 1st November 2025.

[2] NHS. (2025). Diabetes. Available: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diabetes. Last accessed: 1st November 2025.

[3] NHS. (2022). Gum disease. Available: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gum-disease/. Last accessed: 1st November 2025.